1 Introduction

Chaffinches are very abundant in Britain, it’s pattern helps it to blend into the environment when it is feeding on the ground (Slater and Ince 1979). The wingspan of a chaffinch is 24.5-28.5cm and the mass is 18-29 grams (Marler 1956). Males (see figure 1.1) and females (see figure 1.2) have different appearances.

Male Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas Trepte, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Figure 1.1: Male Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas Trepte, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Female Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Figure 1.2: Female Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

2 Methods

## # A tibble: 2 x 2
##   sex        ss
##   <chr>   <dbl>
## 1 females  86.8
## 2 males    87.9

We measured the mass of male and female chaffinches. We used R (R Core Team 2019) with tidyverse packages (Wickham 2017) for all analyses and the rmarkdown (Allaire et al. 2019) and bookdown (Xie 2016) packages for manuscript preparation.

3 Results

There is a significant difference in mass between sexes (F = 7.01; d.f. =1, 38; p = 0.012). I’ve also gratuitously included a table with the same information just for the sake of including a table. See Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: A summary of the data.
sex mean_chaff sd_chaff se_chaff sample_size
females 20.48 2.14 0.48 20
males 22.27 2.15 0.48 20
(ref:myo-fig)

Figure 3.1: (ref:myo-fig)

4 Discussion

Bibliography

Allaire, JJ, Yihui Xie, Jonathan McPherson, Javier Luraschi, Kevin Ushey, Aron Atkins, Hadley Wickham, Joe Cheng, Winston Chang, and Richard Iannone. 2019. Rmarkdown: Dynamic Documents for R. https://github.com/rstudio/rmarkdown.

Marler, P. 1956. “Behaviour of the Chaffinch Fringilla Coelebs.” Behaviour. Supplement, no. 5: III–184.

R Core Team. 2019. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.

Slater, P J B, and S A Ince. 1979. “Cultural Evolution in Chaffinch Song.” Behaviour 71 (1-2): 146–66.

Wickham, Hadley. 2017. Tidyverse: Easily Install and Load the ’Tidyverse’. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyverse.

Xie, Yihui. 2016. Bookdown: Authoring Books and Technical Documents with R Markdown. Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://github.com/rstudio/bookdown.